为学习助手实现接口、存储与测试骨架

String sql = "UPDATE agent_run SET status=?, version=version+1 WHERE id=? AND owner_id=? AND version=?";
try (PreparedStatement ps = connection.prepareStatement(sql)) {
    ps.setString(1, "SUCCEEDED"); ps.setString(2, runId); // 值使用参数绑定，不拼接到SQL。
    ps.setString(3, authenticatedOwner); ps.setLong(4, expectedVersion); // 身份与旧版本共同约束写入。
    if (ps.executeUpdate() != 1) throw new IllegalStateException("state conflict"); // 影响行数决定是否成功匹配。
}

import java.util.*;
public class Main {
    record Row(String id,long version,String status){}
    static void validate(List<Row> rows){for(int i=0;i<rows.size();i++){Row r=rows.get(i);if(r.id()==null||r.id().isBlank()||r.version()<0||r.status()==null||r.status().isBlank()||i>0&&rows.get(i-1).id().compareTo(r.id())>=0)throw new IllegalArgumentException("rows");}} // 严格升序同时排除重复主键。
    static List<String> reconcile(List<Row> rows,List<Row> events){
        validate(rows);validate(events);int i=0,j=0;List<String> out=new ArrayList<>();
        while(i<rows.size()||j<events.size()){
            if(i==rows.size()){out.add("EVENT_ONLY:"+events.get(j++).id());continue;}
            if(j==events.size()){out.add("ROW_ONLY:"+rows.get(i++).id());continue;}
            Row a=rows.get(i),b=events.get(j);int c=a.id().compareTo(b.id());
            if(c<0){out.add("ROW_ONLY:"+a.id());i++;} // 小ID不可能在另一侧后续出现。
            else if(c>0){out.add("EVENT_ONLY:"+b.id());j++;}
            else{if(a.version()!=b.version()||!a.status().equals(b.status()))out.add("CONFLICT:"+a.id());i++;j++;} // 相同ID比较聚合状态。
        }
        return out;
    }
    static void eq(List<String> e,List<String> a){if(!e.equals(a))throw new AssertionError(a);}
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Row a=new Row("A",1,"RUNNING");eq(List.of(),reconcile(List.of(a),List.of(a)));
        eq(List.of("CONFLICT:A"),reconcile(List.of(new Row("A",3,"SUCCEEDED")),List.of(new Row("A",2,"RUNNING"))));
        eq(List.of("ROW_ONLY:A","EVENT_ONLY:B"),reconcile(List.of(a),List.of(new Row("B",0,"PENDING"))));
        eq(List.of(),reconcile(List.of(),List.of()));
        eq(List.of("ROW_ONLY:A"),reconcile(List.of(a),List.of()));
        try{reconcile(List.of(a,a),List.of());throw new AssertionError();}catch(IllegalArgumentException expected){}
        try{reconcile(List.of(new Row("A",-1,"X")),List.of());throw new AssertionError();}catch(IllegalArgumentException expected){}
        System.out.println("PASS 7 tests");
    }
}